Spare parts

Spare part: A Spare Part is a duplicate to replace a lost or damaged part of a device.

Spare parts are commonly needed when repairing electric or electronic items. Here we discuss which types of spare parts there are and how they can be sourced.

Types of Spare Parts

Original Parts

Original parts are made and distributed by the manufacturers themselves. Buying an original part gives you the certainty that the spare part with fit the device. However often manufacturers don’t produce spare parts, or do so only for authorised repairers.

Third Party Parts

Where original spare parts aren’t available, third party ones often are if there is demand for them. Smartphone screens are a good example for this. But with this often comes some push back from manufacturers who want to restrict independent and third party repairers if they see them as a thread to their business. A lack of accountability can be a problem when buying third party parts, as it can be difficult to determine in advance that a spare part will be fit for purpose. Depending on where you buy, warranty and refund options may be limited.

Refurbished Parts

Refurbished parts are spare parts that have been extracted from a used device and were repaired to be functional again. Note: "Refurbished" is not a protected term, anyone can use it and it can mean a variety of things. "Remanufactured" however is a protected term which means that the product meets all specifications of the original new product. With refurbished parts it can be difficult to tell what you get. Some parts might be refurbished in an unreliable way (e.g. reflowing a chip on the motherboard), others might have required only small repairs like a software reconfiguration and might work very well. When buying refurbished parts, it is good to look for a long warranty period and to buy from a reputable and accountable manufacturer.

Salvaging Parts

From some devices it is easier to salvage parts than from others. E.g. desktop PCs are designed to be more modular for the end user and individual parts are designed to widely adopted standards. So usually individual working parts from a desktop PC can be used as spare parts. In other devices, end user modification is not promoted salvaging and reusing parts is more difficult, as they are more often bespoke for that particular device. For example, many televisions would have their own unique power supply and motherboard that could only be directly used again in that same model of TV. In any case salvaged spare parts will have individual discrete components that can be used again in other devices, such as resistors, capacitors or transistors.

Where to buy

Buying from manufacturer

Original spare parts will often be available directly via the manufacturer. However there is no legal regulation that requires spare parts to be available to a wider audience - that’s one of the reasons why we need a Right to Repair.

Spare parts suppliers

Several online shops have specialised in selling spare parts, both from the original manufacturers and from third party suppliers. The advantage of these online shops is that they often provide a warranty and good customer service. However especially for older or less common devices it might be difficult to find the desired spare part here.

Buying from Ebay

Ebay can be a good source if spare parts are not available from the original supplier, and sometimes ebay is the only way to source a particular part. It is hard for sellers to maintain a good reputation on ebay as their customer service usually favours the buyer side in any dispute and seller accounts can get banned after a few incidents. So most sellers will offer good products in order to receive good feedback. However, as a wide range of people sell on ebay, some issues are common: Items might be mislabelled, they might not meet EU/UK standards or they might have not been tested (e.g. when a circuit board has been taken from a cracked TV).

Potential issues and how to overcome them

Identifying fakes

When buying something labelled as an original spare part, always ask yourself: Would the manufacturer still sell that item? It is unlikely that manufacturers provide spare parts for much longer than they are required to. This should not always be an excluding criterium though - it might be that the seller stocked up on the spare part himself when they were still commonly available. Surprisingly cheap prices can also be a warning sign that the piece might be fake.

Software Locks

Sometimes manufacturers place software locks on hardware, meaning that the device will only work with the components it originally came with. This stops repairers from using a component as a spare part in another device without illegally modifying the software. Manufacturers often claim security reasons for this. Also, manufacturers might deliberately stop servicing or providing support for software on older devices to encourage the end users to replace them. For example, microsoft recently cutted support for Windows 7 to encourage the upgrade to 10

More things to consider when buying used

Some parts are more affected by excessive use over time than others. In computers and games consoles, GPUs and CPUs will often fail after excessive use over time if they are not properly ventilated and thereby cooled. When buying these parts used, you often don’t know how much they have been used already. Moving/mechanical parts (e.g. hard drives, drive belts, switches) will be the first to fail usually so when you buy them used, you don’t know how much lifetime they still have in them BUT: If only second hand parts are available, don’t hold your breath - look for a returns policy and good seller feedback record.