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• 14:00, 23 September 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Watering hole attack (Created page with "A watering hole attack is an attempt to compromise a target organisation or individual by first compromising a website or online resource that they are known or suspected to use (their "watering hole"). In this way, for example, the attacker may hope to gain access to a well defended defence contractor though one of its less secure suppliers.")
• 08:44, 23 September 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Side channel attack (Created page with "A side channel or covert channel attack is one which exploits some side-effect of the processing, transmission or storage of data to draw inferences about the data itself. For example, unless carefully designed, observing how the power consumed by a processor while encrypting data can leak informaion, ultimately leading to discovery of the encryption key.")
• 20:56, 20 September 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Fixing Laptop Hinges (Created page with "When a laptop screen comes off in your hand (or feels like it might), this page will help... <div class="showtoc"> __TOC__ </div> ==Summary== All pages should start with a summary, to enable the reader to see at a glance what the page is about and whether it is likely to give the information required. This is subtly different from the description of the page's purpose, given above. Retaining the basic structure, replace all the text of this page with your own content....")
• 20:51, 12 September 2024 Philip talk contribs changed group membership for Lee-Grant from (none) to Editor
• 09:56, 30 August 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Speculative execution (Created page with "High performance CPUs use multiple logic blocks in order to perform as much work as possible in parallel. So for example, if a CPU is required to process a list of ten items it might start to "speculatively execute" the processing of an 11th before it has been able to determine that it has completed the list. Even though this wasted effort has to be discarded, a net performance improvement can be achieved.")
• 09:16, 30 August 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Cache (Created page with "A cache is a small and very fast block of memory used to hold immediate working data or frequently used instructions from a computer program.") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
• 11:19, 29 August 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:PEBKAC (Created page with "Problem Exists Between Keyboard And Chair (or a variant) is an expression sometimes used by computer experts and support staff to indicate that a problem lies with a user rather than the computer system. It should be used sparingly and with caution as it can cause offence, also bearing in mind that the real source of the problem might often be shortcomings in the usability of the system or opaque documentation.")
• 10:21, 28 August 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Floating Point (Created page with "Many of the numbers a computer deals with are whole numbers (integers) which can be easiy represented in binary, but real world numbers can span a huge range of sizes. Floating point is a method of representing such numbers in two parts: a mantissa represents the significant digits and an exponent tells you where the decimal point comes (or the binary point for binary numbers). This is similar to the scientific notation in which one and a half million...")
• 10:06, 28 August 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:RISC-V (Created page with "RISC-V (pronounced Risk Five) is a RISC computer architecture with its roots in an academic design at Berkley. There are 32 and 64 bit variants of the basic design and numerous optional extensions giving additional instructions for different data types and types of operation. Unlike ARM, the design is completely open source.")
• 09:41, 28 August 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:ARM (Created page with "ARM, or Advanced RISC Machines is a computer architeture designed for low cost and low power consumption. It is used in huge numbers of smartphones but equally, supercomputers have been built using large swarms of them. It was first introduced in 1985 by Acorn Computers (also known for their BBC Micro) but it has since gone through several generations. The design is owned by Arm Ltd who licence it to...")
• 09:01, 28 August 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:RISC (Created page with "RISC or Reduced Instruction Set Computer is a computer architecture in which the basic machine instructions are very simple and so can be implemented cheaply. Although more instructions may be needed for a given task, they can be made to run very fast and the silicon saved can be used for other optimisations such as large cache memories to speed up execution. The result can be a significant net gain in performance. ARM is the most widely used example of...")
• 08:43, 28 August 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:CISC (Created page with "CISC or Complex Instruction Set Computer is a computer architecture in which the basic machine instructions are generally fairly complex and highly functional, however, this means that they are relatively expensive to implement. By comtrast, the RISC or Reduced Instruction Set Computer architecture was developed to optimise performance in other ways.")
• 08:04, 28 August 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Instruction set (Created page with "The instruction set of a computer is the repertoire of fundamental low-level machine istructions used to program it. Different computer architectures such as x86, ARM and RISC-V have different incompatible instruction sets.")
• 08:00, 28 August 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Assembler (Created page with "Assembly code or assembler is a direct one-to-one representation of the fundamental binary instructions used by a computer, in human-readable form. Instruction codes are written as mnemonics such as ADD and MOV, and storage locations holding the data are given names chosen by the programmer.")
• 20:52, 28 July 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Horology (Created page with "Horology is the theory and practice of timekeeping and clock-making.")
• 13:46, 23 July 2024 Philip talk contribs set the upload from Tue, 23 Jul 2024 13:46:04 GMT as the approved revision for "File:Sounding Chinese incense clock.jpg"
• 13:46, 23 July 2024 Philip talk contribs created page File:Sounding Chinese incense clock.jpg (This clock depends on the (fairly) constant rate of burning of a incense stick, placed beneath the strings holding the weights. The strings are burnt through it turn, causing the weights to drop onto the metal plate, giving an audible indication of the passage of time. (This example is on display in the Museum of Timekeeping, https://www.museumoftimekeeping.org.uk))
• 13:46, 23 July 2024 Philip talk contribs uploaded File:Sounding Chinese incense clock.jpg (This clock depends on the (fairly) constant rate of burning of a incense stick, placed beneath the strings holding the weights. The strings are burnt through it turn, causing the weights to drop onto the metal plate, giving an audible indication of the passage of time. (This example is on display in the Museum of Timekeeping, https://www.museumoftimekeeping.org.uk))
• 19:25, 27 June 2024 Philip talk contribs set 11075 as the approved revision for "Batteries"
• 19:24, 27 June 2024 Philip talk contribs set 11074 as the approved revision for "Batteries"
• 21:15, 25 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Phono plug (Created page with "A phono or RCA connector is a type of coaxial connector commonly found in audio and video equipment. It is characterised by a central pin which protrudes from the cylindrical shell. Different colours are used to denote different audio or video applications.")
• 21:06, 25 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:BNC (Created page with "BNC is a type of professional quality coaxial cable twist-to-lock connector, very commonly used for high frequency applications such as in radio, video and testing.")
• 20:55, 25 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:S/PDIF (Created page with "S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) is a standard for encoding digital audio for transmission using optical fibre using TOSLINK connectors or coaxial cable using phono or BNC connectors.")
• 20:45, 25 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:TOSLINK (Created page with "TOSLINK (from TOShiba LINK) is a method of connecting audio devices such as CD players and amplifiers using optical fibre and optical connectors. These are immune to interference and ground loops, unlike copper connections. Audio is transmitted digitally. S/PDIF is the standard which defines how it is encoded.")
• 08:44, 24 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:3-Terminal Regulator (Created page with "A 3-terminal regulator is a device which takes an unregulated input voltage and produces a constant well-defined output voltage. It has just 3 connections (or terminals: the input, the output and a common ground. The 78/79 seriesintegrated circuits are a very common example. 78 devices take positive input and output whereas 79 series take negative. Two further digits in the type code indicate the voltage, for example 780...")
• 21:25, 21 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:POTS (Created page with "POTS or Plain Old Telephone System refers to the legacy analogue telephone system carried over copper wires.")
• 21:25, 21 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:PSTN (Created page with "PSTN or Public Switched Telephone Network is the global switched telephone network. Unlike the Internet in which data is transmitted as independant packets, connections between subscribers are made and taken down as required.")
• 21:07, 21 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:SOGEA (Created page with "SOGEA or Single Order Generic Ethernet Access is essentially the same as a FTTC Internet connection except that no old-fashioned anlogue telephone service is delivered over the copper segment from the street cabinet to the customer premises. This makes it cheaper. Voice calls can still be made, but they are carried digitally over the broadband connection.")
• 20:53, 21 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:FTTC (Created page with "FTTC or Fibre To The Cabinet (Part-Fibre) is a broadband Internet connection delivered through optical fibre only to a street cabinet, and copper wires for the remainder to the customer premises, as opposed to the faster FTTP which is fibre all the way.")
• 20:52, 21 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:FTTP (Created page with "FTTP or Fibre To The Premises (Full Fibre) is a broadband Internet connection delivered through optical fibre to the customer premises, as opposed to the slower FTTC which is fibre only to a street cabinet, and copper wires for the remainder.")
• 19:43, 20 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Unicode (Created page with "Unicode is a comprehensive character encoding standard that enables the consistent representation and handling of text from most of the world's writing systems. Unlike ASCII, which uses 7 bits and defines 128 characters, Unicode uses from 1 to 4 bytes to support over 143,000 characters, covering a wide array of scripts, symbols, and emojis. This standard ensures that text is displayed correctly across different platforms and languages...")
• 19:39, 20 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:ASCII (Created page with "ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is a standard used for representing text in computers and other devices. It uses a set of 128 characters, including letters, numbers, punctuation marks, and control characters, each assigned a unique 7-bit binary number.")
• 19:34, 20 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:UART/USART (Created page with "A UART or Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter is a device, often a built-in peripheral in a microcontroller for converting data between parallel and asynchronous serial formats. A USART also supports synchronous serial data.")
• 19:23, 20 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:UPS (Created page with "A UPS or Uninterruptible Power Supply is a back-up power supply that automatically cuts in on failure of the mains, allowing computers, telecommunications and possibly life-support equipment to continue operating. Normally relying on rechargeable batteries, it may only be able to provide power for long enough for orderly shutdown of computers, or in a critical application, for the start-up of a back-up diesel generator.")
• 16:52, 20 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:DUT (Created page with "A DUT (Device Under Test) is a term used in testing and measurement to refer to the specific electronic component, assembly, or system that is being evaluated.")
• 08:44, 20 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Earth (Created page with "Earth is the 3rd planet from the Sun. In an electronical context, earth or ground, being common to all humankind, is taken to mean the zero of all voltages.")
• 08:37, 20 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:CT (Created page with "A centre tap (CT) is a connection made at the mid point of a transformer winding. The two halves can then produce or be fed by two AC voltages equal in magnitude but opposite in phase. In a power supply this allows full wave rectification with 2 diodes instead of 4. In a Class B amplifier the two halves may be driven in opposite phase by two power transistors...")
• 08:32, 20 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Balun (Created page with "A balun (short for "balanced to unbalanced") is an electrical device that converts between a balanced signal (one with two conductors carrying equal and opposite signals) and an unbalanced signal (one with a single conductor and a ground). Baluns are commonly used in radio and audio applications to connect balanced transmission lines, such as twisted pair cables, to unbalanced systems, like coaxial cables. They help in matching impedance, reducing...")
• 11:25, 14 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:FUBAR (Created page with "Fouled Up Beyond All Recognition is an expression used to describe a situation which isabout as bad as it could be. If anything it's rather worse than a SNAFU. (There are other interpretations of the acronymn conveying the same or a similar meaning but not all suitable for polite company.)")
• 11:25, 14 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:SNAFU (Created page with "Situation Normal, All Fouled Up is a sarcastic expression, believed to have originated in the United States Marine Corps during World War II, describing a bad yet not unfamilar situation. A FUBAR is, if anything, somewhat worse.") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
• 11:07, 14 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:RTFM (Created page with "Read The Fine/Frigging/Flippin'/eFfing Manual, a comment sometimes aimed at oneself, when it becomes apparent or when the person addressed perhaps should perhaps have realised that the answer to a problem is plainly covered in the manual, handbook or other documentation.")
• 08:41, 13 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:DED (Created page with "A DED or Dark Emitting Diode is a theoretical device which absorbs photons in poportion to the current passing through it. A [https://www.edn.com/zener-enhanced-dark-emitting-diodes-zededs-deliver-10x-more-dark-per-watt/ preliminary announcement] was published on 1st Apr 2015 promising devices with a 10-fold increased performance by coupling a PN junction with an embedded quantum vacuum cavity, thus creating a highly efficient photonic extinction regi...")
• 21:07, 12 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Trimpot (Created page with "A trimpot is type of potentiometer intended for occasional adjustment only, usually requiring a screwdriver. Sometimes it will be set on manufacture or calibration then locked with some kind of sealant.")
• 21:02, 12 June 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Wall cube (Created page with "A wall cube (also known as a wall wart) is that type of power supply which is built into a mains plug, for plugging directly into a wall socket. Chargers for phones and small gadgets most often come in this form.")
• 14:52, 8 June 2024 Philip talk contribs set 11026 as the approved revision for "Slow laptop"
• 14:38, 27 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:PGA (Created page with "PGA or Pin Grid Array is a type of integrated circuit package with an array of pins on the underside, and fitting in a zero insertion force connector. It's commonly used for processor chips on a motherboard, allowing a choice of processor to be fitted according to customer requirements.")
• 14:27, 27 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:BGA (Created page with "BGA or Ball Grid Array is a type of surface mount integrated circuit package having connections in an array on the entire underside. Tiny balls of solder attach it to an identcal pattern of connections on the circuit board. This allows for a very large number of connections, not limited to the edges of the package. It's commonly used for processor and memory chips.")
• 20:31, 23 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Pin (Created page with "The connections to an IC are universally known as "pins", whether or not they physically resemble a pin, as they do (arguably) in older through-hole devices.")
• 20:22, 23 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:SPI (Created page with "SPI is a method of relatively high speed serial communication between ICs or subsystems in a device. It is used by SDCards and memory ICs more generally, as well as by displays and numerous other devices. It uses a clock line (SCLK) which simultaneously marches data in both directions using the two data lines MOSI (Master Out Slave In) and MISO (Master In Slave Out), making a minimum of 3 connections.")
• 17:06, 23 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Peripheral (Created page with "In computing terms, a "peripheral" is any device which allows applications running on the central processor to interact with the real world. This can include monitors, keyboards, mice, speakers, printers, scanners, cameras and network interfaces, but equally in an industrial setting, might include all manner of sensors, actuators and motors.")