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• 14:39, 22 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:TLS (Created page with "TLS or Transport Layer Security is a standard for securing data over a TCP data stream. It offers encryption using a shared key derived using a secure key exchange mechanism, and allows one or both ends to identify themselves using digital certificates. It has superceded SSL, but "SSL" is still often used to describe a link actually secured by TLS.")
• 12:54, 22 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:SSL (Created page with "SSL or Secure Sockets Layer is a deprecated standard for securing data over a TCP data stream. It offers encryption using a shared key derived using a secure key exchange mechanism, and allows one or both ends to identify themselves using digital certificates. SSL went through several major versions, but 3.0 was deprecated in 2015 and has been superseded by TLS. Nevertheless, "SSL" is still often used to describe a link actually secured...")
• 16:38, 20 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:IMAP (Created page with "If you manage your email using a program or app on your own device (rather than using webmail) then IMAP or Internet Message Access Protocol provides a method by which your program or app can manage your email, optionally organised into different folders, held on a remote email server, and to retrieve emails as required.")
• 16:11, 20 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:POP3 (Created page with "If you manage your email using a program or app on your own device (rather than using webmail) then POP3 or Post Office Protocol 3 is a method by which your program or app retrieves incoming emails from an email server for storage on your device.")
• 16:11, 20 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:SMTP (Created page with "If you manage your email using a program or app on your own device (rather than using webmail) then SMTP or Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the method by which your program or app submits outgoing email to a mail server.")
• 16:00, 20 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Http/https (Created page with "http or Hypertext Transfer Protocol is the method by which a web browser requests and receives web pages from a web server. It is now largely superceded by https, which transmits requests and replies in encrypted form.")
• 21:39, 19 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Entropy (Created page with "Entropy (in information theory) is the amount of information or uncertainty in a piece of data, usually measured in bits. For example a 3 digit PIN or combination lock has 1,000 possible values and so has almost 10 bits of entropy, because 10 bits allows you to count up to 1,024. The entropy of a password or encryption key can be used directly to estimate how long it might take to crack, by trying all possible values.")
• 21:14, 19 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Signal to Noise Ratio (Created page with "The Signal to Noise (or S/N) ratio is a measure of the strength of a signal compared to any background noise or interference, and is measured in decibels (dB). In an audio system, a high S/N ratio tells you that any background hiss will be imperceptible, and in data communications, the S/N ratio directly affects the rate at which you can transmit data.")
• 21:14, 19 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Decibel (Created page with "Decibels (dB) are a measure of relative power, for example by what factor does an amplifier increase the power of a signal, or by what factor is a TV signal reduced by losses in the cable between the aerial and the receiver. It's a logarithmic scale, 3dB representing a doubling of power, hence the dB gains or losses in a signal path can simply be added.")
• 17:52, 19 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Noise (Created page with "Noise, in the context of electronics and communications, is any unwanted interference tending to mask a desired signal. It can never be eliminated entirely as the electronics we're surrounded with all generates a certain amount of interference, and an electric current itself consists of a random flow of electrons.")
• 17:40, 19 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Metadata (Created page with "Metadata is "data about data". For example, a document or spreadsheet may contain information about the author; a digital camera will normally embed information about the exposure, location, date and time of a photo. Sharing these or other types of file can result in undesirable information leakage and privacy issues if you're not aware of the metadata they may contain.")
• 17:24, 19 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Decoupling capacitor (Created page with "Variations in the current drawn by one part of a circuit can affect the voltage of the supply, hence affecting another part of the circuit. "Decoupling capacitors" are commonly connected to a supply at various points in order to absorb these variations and minimise any such unwanted and detrimental couplings.")
• 11:46, 17 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Webmail (Created page with "Webmail is the method of managing your email entirely through a web page offered by your email provider, who stores your email on their own servers. The alternative is to manage your email through an applicationon your own device, which can give you greater flexibility in organising, searching and archiving your email.")
• 11:10, 17 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Right to Repair (Created page with "R2R or Right to Repair is the movement and campaign to make repair options widely available at reasonable cost, and to outlaw practices which unnecessarily make repair uneconomic, difficult or virtually impossible. Such practices include non-availability or exhorbitant cost of spare parts or service information, manufacturing methods making disassembly difficult, and parts pairing or software locks restricting repair to the manufacturer or their authorised agents. These...")
• 11:33, 15 February 2024 Philip talk contribs moved page MPP inverter to Glossary:MPP inverter without leaving a redirect
• 11:30, 15 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page MPP inverter (Created page with "Getting the most power out of a PV (or solar) cell or wind turbine isn't straightforward. The output voltage will be maximum if you draw hardly any current, and if you draw as much current as you can the output voltage will drop almost to zero. In either case the power delivered (voltage × current) will be minimal. An MPP or Maximum Power Point controller or inverter will continuously adjust the current drawn in order to maximise the power, for exam...")
• 10:03, 14 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:EV (Created page with "An EV or Electric Vehicule is any kind of vehicle more conventionally powered by fossil fuels, but designed instead to be electrically powered.")
• 09:56, 14 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:ALU (Created page with "An ALU or Arithmetic and Logical Unit is that part of a CPU that actually performs arithmetic and logical operations, as commanded by and on data supplied to it by executive functions within the CPU. The 74181 is an early example of a 4-bit ALU implemented as a single silicon chip.")
• 09:42, 14 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Unbrick (Created page with "A device is said to be "bricked" if it has been rendered non-functional, perhaps by loading the wrong firmware. "Unbricking" is the (sometimes difficult) process of restoring it to normal operation.")
• 17:12, 10 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Ladder logic (Created page with "Ladder logic is a kind of simple graphical programming language with its roots in relay logic, formerly much used for the control of industrial plant and machinery, but still used by PLCs in similar applications. More details are given in the Ladder logic.")
• 16:59, 10 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:PLC (Created page with "A PLC or Programmable Logic Controller is a device much used in industry for controlling plant and machinery. It has a number of inputs which would be connected to sensors of different kinds, and outputs through which it can control switches, valves, motors, pumps etc in order for the machine or industrial process to operate correctly and safely. Their pre-electonic origins lie in relay logic and they are still normally programmed by similar Wikipedi...")
• 16:32, 10 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Phase (Created page with "Two sounds (or electrical signals, or radio or light waves) may be identical, but if the waves of one lag in time behind those of the other, they're said to differ in phase. A phase difference is measured in degrees; 360 degrees represents a complete cycle so is the same as no phase difference, whereas with a phase difference of 180 degrees, the peak of one wave will coincide with the trough of the other and combined, they will cancel out.")
• 14:24, 9 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:SOHO (Created page with "SOHO or Small Office, Home Office is used to describe devices such as printers and routers, intended for domestic or small office use, rather than in an enterprise or similar environment in which they would typically be managed centrally by an IT department.")
• 14:24, 9 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:IT (Created page with "Information Technology, normally used to refer to computers and all ancilliary equipment.")
• 11:49, 9 February 2024 Philip talk contribs deleted page Glossary:Sod's Law (Merged into Murphy's Law)
• 11:24, 9 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Sod's Law (Created page with "Sod's Law simply states what we all know: if anything can possibly go wrong, it generally will, often at the most inconvenient time.")
• 10:30, 9 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Digital Signal Processor (Created page with "A DSP or Digital Signal Processor is a microprocessor optimised for demanding real-time computing tasks such as audio or video compression, processing or analysis.")
• 10:28, 9 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Microprocessor (Created page with "A Microprocessor or MPU (MicroProcessor Unit) is the compete central processor of a computer on a single silicon chip, or in the case of a high-end microprocessor, possibly more than one chip in a single package. Additional components are required to provide program and data storage and peripheral functions such as input and output.")
• 10:14, 9 February 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Microcontroller (Created page with "A Microcontroller or MCU (MicroController Unit, sometimes written μC) is an integrated circuit comprising a complete computer on a single silicon chip, albeit generally a relatively simple and low power one. It will contain a processor for executing instructions, program memory, working memory and a range of peripheral devices such as analogue and digital inputs and outputs, timers, counters and communication channels...")
• 09:31, 31 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Feature phone (Created page with "A feature phone is generally taken to mean a mobile phone offering features beyond simply making and receiving voice calls. These might include a calendar, voice notes or a few simple games, all through a character-based non-graphical screen.")
• 09:31, 31 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Smartphone (Created page with "A smartphone is generally taken to mean a full-featured mobile phone with a graphical touch screen and offering (in addition to making and receiving voice calls) email, instant messaging, web browsing and a wide range of additional functions provided through downloadable apps.")
• 09:04, 31 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Parts pairing (Created page with "Parts pairing is the practice of some manufacturers of assigning unique serial numbers to subassemblies of a device, such as a smartphone screen, and preventing full functionaity of a replacement unless it has been paired with the device through a process not available to independant repairers.")
• 17:25, 30 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:TCON (Created page with "The TCON or Timing Controller board in a flat screen TV or monitor takes the video signal and converts it to a form the display panel can directly use, selecting and activating rows and columns of pixels in a timed sequence as required by the panel. A faulty TCON board is a possible cause of various types of display problem.")
• 16:44, 23 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Robertson (Created page with "Robertson is a type of screw and screwdriver common in Canada but used elsewhere, especially in woodworking and general construction. The screw head has a square depression, slightly tapered to facilitate the insertion of a matching screwdriver with a square tip.")
• 10:09, 22 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Pentalobe (Created page with "Pentalobe is a type of tamper-resistant screw and screwdriver introduced by Apple. See Types of screw head and screwdriver in the Wiki.")
• 10:09, 22 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Tri-wing (Created page with "Tri-wing is a type of screw and screwdriver a bit like cross-head but having 3 arms instead of 4. See Types of screw head and screwdriver in the Wiki.")
• 10:09, 22 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:JIS (Created page with "JIS or Japanese Industry Standard is a type of crosshead screw and screwdriver commonest in the Pacific rim. It is distinguished by a raised or recessed dot on the screw head. See Types of screw head and screwdriver in the Wiki.")
• 15:55, 20 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:ZIF Connector (Created page with "A ZIF or Zero Insertion Force connector is one in which a clamp of some sort is closed to make a good contact after the mating parts have been engaged, instead of the force being applied during insertion. They are commonly used for delicate ribbon cables, and for test rigs where many insertions of devices under test will routinely be made.")
• 15:44, 20 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Thermal Runaway (Created page with "Some electronic components and circuits take more current as as they get hotter. Unchecked, this can lead to a positive feedback effect in which excessive heat causes still more heat to be generated, ending in a catastrophic failure and possibly a fire.")
• 15:34, 20 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:SMD (Created page with "A Surface Mount Device or SMD is an electronic component designed to be mounted on the surface of a printed circuit board, instead of having leads which pass through holes in the board, soldered on the reverse side. Surface mount devices are generlly smaller, often much smaller than their through-hole equivalents.")
• 15:28, 20 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Ribbon cable (Created page with "Ribbon cables are cables with the conductors laid side by side to form a ribbon, rather than bound together in a bunch. The conductors may be individual insulated wires or may be copper tracks like those on a printed circuit board, laid on a fexible substrate. They are nomally used in conjunction with special connectors.")
• 12:34, 20 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:NFC (Created page with "NFC or Near Field Communication is a set of technologies allowing electromagnetic communication between two devices, usually no more than a few centimeters apart. Each device contains a coil of wire and together they form a transformer through which data can be passed. A small amount of power is also often passed to an NFC device such as a security tag, having no power source of its own.")
• 12:22, 20 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:LIDAR (Created page with "LIDAR or Light Imaging, Detection and Ranging is a technology similar to radar but using visible or infrared light instead of radio. As with radar, the distance of an object is determined by measuring the time taken for a pulse of light to be reflected off it and to return.")
• 12:14, 20 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:LDO (Created page with "A LDO or Low Drop-out regulator is a voltage regulator which produces the required output voltage even when the input voltage is only a little higher.")
• 12:10, 20 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Haptics (Created page with "Haptics are technologies involving the sense of touch, such as the vibrate alert option offered by most smart phones.")
• 11:58, 19 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Class A/B/C/D (Created page with "Class A, B, C and D refer to different design architectures for an amplifier, having different power efficiencies. Class A drives the output throughout a cycle, and is the least efficient. Class B drives the output for only a half cycle. Usually, a second Class B driver drives alternate half cycles. Class C drives the output for less than half a cycle and generally drives a tuned circuit to restore the output (typically in a transmitter) to a p...")
• 11:49, 19 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:PWM (Created page with "PWM or Pulse Width Modulation is a highly efficient method of power control in which the power is switched on and off very rapidly. The ouput is then smoothed with a capacitor and/or inductor and the relative on and off times then determine the power that is delivered.")
• 09:06, 14 January 2024 Philip talk contribs moved page Class X/Y to Glossary:Class X/Y without leaving a redirect
• 09:03, 14 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Class X/Y (Created page with "Classes X and Y are designations of capacitors specifically rated for direct connection to the mains supply, bearing in mind the safety implications and the particuar stresses they may be subject to. See Capacitors in the Wiki.")
• 08:56, 14 January 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Class 1/2/3 (Created page with "In the context a PAT testing, Classes 1, 2 and 3 refer to classifications of equipment according to wheter they operate at dagerous voltages and whether they include a protective earth connection. See PAT Testing in the Wiki.")