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• 14:27, 27 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:BGA (Created page with "BGA or Ball Grid Array is a type of surface mount integrated circuit package having connections in an array on the entire underside. Tiny balls of solder attach it to an identcal pattern of connections on the circuit board. This allows for a very large number of connections, not limited to the edges of the package. It's commonly used for processor and memory chips.")
• 20:31, 23 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Pin (Created page with "The connections to an IC are universally known as "pins", whether or not they physically resemble a pin, as they do (arguably) in older through-hole devices.")
• 20:22, 23 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:SPI (Created page with "SPI is a method of relatively high speed serial communication between ICs or subsystems in a device. It is used by SDCards and memory ICs more generally, as well as by displays and numerous other devices. It uses a clock line (SCLK) which simultaneously marches data in both directions using the two data lines MOSI (Master Out Slave In) and MISO (Master In Slave Out), making a minimum of 3 connections.")
• 17:06, 23 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Peripheral (Created page with "In computing terms, a "peripheral" is any device which allows applications running on the central processor to interact with the real world. This can include monitors, keyboards, mice, speakers, printers, scanners, cameras and network interfaces, but equally in an industrial setting, might include all manner of sensors, actuators and motors.")
• 16:54, 23 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:I2C (Created page with "I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit, also written I²C or IIC) is a simple protocol allowing a master device to exchange low to medium speed data with a number of slave devices, all connected to a common bus. Requiring just two wires for a serial clock (SCL) and serial data (SDA) it's simple and cheap to implement. Although rarely seen, it is ubiquitous, being used in a computer to communicate presence, typ...")
• 16:28, 23 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:I2S (Created page with "I2S (Inter-IC Sound, also written I²S or IIS) is a simple protocol for the transmission of uncompressed serial digital audio. It is intended for communication between modules within a single device, and hence no inter-device connecting cables are defined.")
• 16:03, 23 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:GNSS (Created page with "GNSS or Global Navigation Satellite System is an umbrella term for the several satellite-based Position, Navigation and Timing (PNT) systems. The core systems are GPS (United States), GLONASS (Russian Federation), Galileo (EU) and BeiDou (China). They all rely on the fact that you can determine your latitude, longitude, altitude and the time by comparing the relative delays of highly accurate timing signals from at least 4 satellites within direct line of sight.")
• 15:26, 23 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:IrDA (Created page with "IrDA is a suite of communication protocols for data transfer over a short range line-of-sight infrared link. It was commonly used for syncing a feature phone with a laptop but has largely been displaced by Bluetooth in all but a few use cases.")
• 10:51, 16 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Pig butchering scam (Created page with "A "pig butchering" scam is a type of fraud in which a fraudster builds trust with the victim over a period of time, then persuades them to contribute increasing sums, typically to a fake cryptocurrency investment. Once a substantial sum has been collected or when the victim tries to withdraw their "investment", the fraudster becomes uncontactable. South-east Asian "fraud factories" have become a prolific source of such scams, manned by forced labour from human trafficking.")
• 08:14, 14 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:BMS (Created page with "A BMS or Battery Management System is a circuit designed to control the charging and discharging of a battery, most usually consisting of multiple lithium cells in a battery pack for a laptop, power tool or electric vehicle. Without it, due to the inevitable variation between cells, some cells might be over-charged with potentially dangerous consequences before others have received their full charge, and some might be over-discharged causing permanent damage while others...")
• 20:53, 11 May 2024 Philip talk contribs moved page Glossary:SOIC/SOP to Glossary:SOIC SOP without leaving a redirect
• 20:52, 11 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Voltage Regulator (Created page with "A voltage regulator is a circuit, often implemented as an integrated circuit, which delivers a constant well-defined output voltage from a poorly defined or variable input voltage (such as from a battery), despite variations (within certain limits) of the current drawn.")
• 20:42, 11 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:SOT (Created page with "SOT (Small Outline Transistor) is a type of surface mount package used for semiconductor devices requiring only a few connections. SOT-23 is a 3-pin package only 2.9mm long, very commonly used for transistors, voltage regulators and diodes. Other variants have up to 8 pins or have a tab instead of pins on one side, to help conduct heat away.")
• 20:30, 11 May 2024 Philip talk contribs moved page SOIC/SOP to Glossary:SOIC/SOP without leaving a redirect
• 20:28, 11 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page SOIC/SOP (Created page with "SOIC (Small Outline Integrated Circuit) and SOP (Small Outline Package) refer to packages for surface mount integrated circuits, significatly smaller than traditional through-hole packages. There are several variants, including mini-SOIC, SSOP (Shrink SOP - still smaller than SOP), TSOP (Thin SOP - thinner than SOP) and TSSOP (both thinner and smaller).")
• 16:18, 3 May 2024 Philip talk contribs moved page Gossary:Restart Project to Glossary:Restart Project without leaving a redirect
• 16:17, 3 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Repair Café (Created page with "Repair Café is a grass roots movement promoting repair through community events at which volunteers help members of the public repair their electrical, electronic, mechanical and clothing items. It originated in the Netherlands but has since gone global. It has much in common with The Restart Project but is a separate organisation with slightly different emphasis and aims.")
• 16:16, 3 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Gossary:Restart Project (Created page with "The Restart Project is a people-powered social enterprise that aims to fix our "thro-away" attitude to electronics. It was started in London, offering "restart parties" at which skilled amateur fixers could help members of the public repair their broken electrical and electronic gadgets. It has since gone global and assumed a leading role in campaigning for Right to Repair and related issues. Whilst it shares many aims with Glossary:Repair...")
• 15:42, 3 May 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Downcycling (Created page with "Downcycling is recycling where the recovered material is of lower quality than that obtained from primary sources and hence not suitable for more demanding applications. For example, recycled plastic may contain contamination from its previous use and hence cannot be used for food packaging, and steel from scap cars can be used to make steel girders but not high quality engineering steels. Most recycling is in fact downcycling.")
• 08:11, 29 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Ecodesign (Created page with "Ecodesign is the integration of environmental aspects into the product development process, by balancing ecological and economic requirements.")
• 10:01, 27 April 2024 Philip talk contribs moved page Glossary:Diac to Glossary:DIAC without leaving a redirect
• 09:59, 27 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:SIDAC (Created page with "A SIDAC or Silicon Diode for AC is a 2-terminal electronic component comprising 5 semiconductor layers which abruptly switches from a non-conducting to a conducting state when a certain voltage is applied, typically in the region of 150 - 300V depending on the type. It then remains conducting until the current falls below a small holding current. It is similar in operation to a DIAC except for the higher threshold voltage. It has a few niche applications...")
• 20:48, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs deleted page Glossary:Serialisation (Duplicates Parts Pairingnumbers to subsystems of a device such as a smart phone. A process only available to the manufacturer and authorised agents is then used to programme the serial numbers into the device and cause it to reject or limit the functionality of replacement parts such as screens or batteries.", and the only contributor was "Philip" (talk))
• 17:41, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs moved page Glossary:Recycle to Glossary:Recycling without leaving a redirect
• 17:40, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs moved page Glossary:Upcycle to Glossary:Upcycling without leaving a redirect
• 17:26, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:RoHS (Created page with "The Restriction of Hazardous Substances or RoHS directive (sometimes known as the "lead-free directive") restricts the use of 10 hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment. These include lead, mercury, cadmium and hexavalent chromium, together with a further six organic chemicals. It took effect in the EU in 2006.")
• 17:15, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:WEEE (Created page with "The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment or WEEE Directive obligates producers and distributors of electrical equipment placed on the market after 2005 to make provision for its end of life collection and recycling. It is applicable in the UK and the EU. It has been criticised for its disregard for reuse or repair as a means of reducing e-waste.")
• 17:02, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Soak test (Created page with "A soak test is an extended test of a device following manufacture or repair, with the aim of shaking out any manufacturing defects or shortcomings in the repair. Sometimes this will be performed at full power or in some other way designed to stress any weak components and precipitate any incipient failures.")
• 16:55, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Bathtub curve (Created page with "Reliability studies in many fields tend to show a common pattern for failures. Manufacturing defects are the principal cause of early life failures, but once these have all been shaken out the failure rate remains fairly low through the expected lifetime of a device. The failure rate then starts to climb as components begin to wear out. So plotting the failure rate against time gives a U-shaped curve, commonly known as the bathtub curve.")
• 15:29, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Conflict Materials (Created page with "Conflict materials are raw materials largely sourced from conflict regions, where their supply is likely to be used for the purchase of arms or the support of armed groups.")
• 15:26, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Critical Raw Materials (Created page with "CRM or Critical Raw Materials are those raw materials in critically short supply. This may be because there simply isn't much of them waiting to be mined, or because what there is is largely controlled by unfriendly or potentially hostile nations.")
• 15:20, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Upcycle (Created page with "Upcycling is the practice of taking disused or faulty items or their major components and reusing them in a different way, hence saving them from recycling or landfill.")
• 15:15, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Refurbishment (Created page with "Reurbishment is the practice of taking used items and giving them a new lease of life by replacing worn or damaged parts, bringing them up to date with a fresh software installation and perhaps replacing a slow hard drive with a much faster SSD.")
• 15:04, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Remanufacture (Created page with "Remanufacture is the practice of creating good-as-new products using some proportion of pre-used parts. Common examples are ink and toner cartridges and laptop batteries, could equally include a laptop given a new case, keyboard and battery.")
• 14:59, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Recycle (Created page with "Recycling is the practice of recovering raw materials from waste items. This is generally inefficient and often impracticable or uneconomic for valuable materials used in small quantities. Furtthermore the resultant raw materials may not be of sufficient quality for demanding applications. Hence it is regarded as the second-worst option, ahead only of landfill or incineration.")
• 14:50, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Circular economy (Created page with "A circular economy is one where a minimum of items or their parts are sent for landfill or incineration, and a high proportion are either reused, repaired or recycled, so minimising the consumption of raw materials and the pre-use carbon footprint.")
• 14:45, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Repair (Created page with "Repair is the second option (after reuse) in a circular economy. It has been shown that many devices sent for recycling could actually be repaired relatively easily and hence given a new lease of life.")
• 14:42, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Reuse (Created page with "Reuse is the preferred option in a circular economy. Many items are discarded because they have been replaced by a newer model, or simply fallen into disuse, but could be given a second life if sold or donated to a new owner.")
• 14:36, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:E-Waste (Created page with "e-Waste is all those electrical and electronic goods discarded by their owner, whether because they are faulty, no longer needed, or simply replaced by a newer model.")
• 13:57, 23 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Serialisation (Created page with "Serialisation is a name given to the practice of some manufacturers of assigning unique serial numbers to subsystems of a device such as a smart phone. A process only available to the manufacturer and authorised agents is then used to programme the serial numbers into the device and cause it to reject or limit the functionality of replacement parts such as screens or batteries.")
• 20:14, 20 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Gallium (Created page with "Gallium is a soft metal similar to aluminium but with a low melting point. In electronics, many compounds of gallium are semiconductors with useful properties. Gallium arsenide devices are able to operate at much higher frequencies than their silicon counterparts and so are widely used in mobile phones and satellite comunications. Various other gallium compounds are used in practically all visible and infra-red LEDs.")
• 19:48, 20 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Silicon Carbide (Created page with "Silicon carbide (as carborundum) has long been used as an abrasive, but it is also a semiconductor with useful properties for high power applications. In recent years silicon carbide devices such as MOSFETs having higher voltage and power ratings than equivalent silicon devices have been increasingly used in applications such as EVs and power conversion.")
• 19:27, 20 April 2024 Philip talk contribs moved page Glossary:D-sub to Glossary:D-subminiature without leaving a redirect
• 17:15, 20 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Duplex (Created page with "A duplex comunication channel is one that supports communication in both directions. A half-duplex channel only allows communication in one direction at a time whereas full duplex allows for simultaneous communication in both directions.")
• 17:12, 20 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Simplex (Created page with "A simplex comminication channel is one that allows for commuication in one direction only, in conttrat to a duplex connection which supports 2-way communication.")
• 17:06, 20 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:COM port (Created page with "A COM port is a serial interface port using a DB-9 connector, offered by virtally all home and personal computers before the advent of USB. Modern computers often still offer simulated COM ports over USB connections for interfacing to simple devices requiring only to be able to exchange a stream of bytes.")
• 17:00, 20 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:D-sub (Created page with "D-subminiature connectors are a series of electrical connectors characterised by their D-shaped shell. Whilst there are numerous variants, just a few are or have been in common use. DB-9 (more correctly DE-9) and DB-25 were ubiqitus on home and personal computers as the serial (COM) and paralel ports before being displaced by USB, and DE-15 is still used for VGA video connectors.")
• 16:35, 20 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:DTE, DCE (Created page with "DTE or Data Terminal Equipment and DCE or Data Communications Equipment are the names given to the two ends of an RS-232 data connection. These were originally assumed to be a computer or computer terminal and a modem respectively but the DCE is now more commonly a computer and the DTE a device or computer controlling it through a command line interface.")
• 16:24, 20 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:RS-232 (Created page with "RS-232 is an old standard originally conceived for communication between a modem and a computer or computer terminal, normally using DB-9 or DB-25 connectors. It was embodied in the COM ports that were once a feature of virtually all personal and home computers. Although now superseded by USB, due to its great simplicity and former ubiquity it is still used where low speed communication is r...")
• 09:10, 20 April 2024 Philip talk contribs created page Glossary:Digital Certificate (Created page with "A digital certificate is a piece of data which declares an association between an identity (e.g. the owner of a website or email address, or a software publisher) and a public key. Anyone can then use the public key to verify a digital signature applied to any piece of data by the identity. The certificate is normally itself digitally signed by a chain of more authoritative identities, ending in a well known root certificate which eve...")